Glass types and the glazier's tools

The right glass for the task

Introduction

Glass is not just glass. The right type for the job depends on where the pane sits, what it needs to do, and what safety requirements apply. Knowing the glass types is a core competence for any glazier.

The most important glass types

Glass type	Property	Typical application
Float glass	Ordinary flat glass	Standard windows and interior panes
Tempered glass	Stronger; crumbles into small, less dangerous pieces if crushed	Doors, shower niches, places with risk of impact.
Laminated glass	Two or more layers with film between; stays together when broken	Places where safety and teamwork are important
Energy glass	Coating that retains heat	Energy windows in modern windows

The glazier's tools

Glass must be treated precisely and carefully. The tools are specialised and require practice to master.

01Glass cutter for scoring a clean line along which the glass can be broken.
02Suction cups for lifting and guiding large, heavy panes safely.
03Caulking gun and caulk to make the assembly tight.
04Blocks to support the pane so it does not rest against a hard edge.
05Cutting boards and rulers for precise cuts in the workshop.

To cut glass

A good glass cut starts with a clean unbroken score. You score the glass in one movement with even pressure and then break it along the score. It requires feel and practice — too much or too little pressure gives a poor break. Laminated and tempered glass you usually cannot cut yourself; tempered glass must be ordered in finished sizes.

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