Packaging and unit loads for transport

The packaging is not just wrapping — it is what protects the goods, makes them manageable, and tells how they should be treated. In a warehouse that packages goods for transport, packaging and load securing have direct implications for whether the goods arrive intact and whether transport is safe.

§Packaging functions

• 01Protect the goods against impact, pressure, moisture and dirt during handling and transport.
• 02Make the goods manageable and possible to stack and secure.
• 03Carry information: contents recipient handling symbols and any hazard markings.
• 04Protect people and environment, e.g. with hazardous goods where the packaging may be type-approved.

§Choose the right packaging

The packaging must fit the goods and the mode of transport. Choose a box or container that is strong enough for the weight and for stacking, fill voids so the contents do not shift, and protect sharp or fragile parts. For hazardous goods, stricter requirements apply: the packaging must often be of an approved type, and you may only use the packaging prescribed for the substance.

§Marking of parcels

A consignment must be able to be identified and handled correctly. Label clearly with recipient and shipment information and use the international handling symbols where relevant — for example the symbol for fragile for "this side up" or for keeping the goods dry. For dangerous goods add hazard labels and UN number according to ADR. A clear correct label is what ensures that the next person in the chain handles the goods correctly.

§Build and secure the unit load

When multiple packages are stacked on a pallet into a unit load, it must be stable and secured. Lay heavy and strong packages at the bottom, keep everything within the pallet's edge, and tie the layers together so they stay together. Then secure with stretch or shrink film, straps, or netting so the load doesn't shift. A top-heavy or poorly secured unit load can tip over when handled with a truck or shift during transport.

§Load securing on the vehicle

On the truck, the load is further secured so it does not move when braking, turning, or on uneven roads. This is done by distributing the weight, closing holes, and strapping or stiffening the load with lashings and spacers as needed. The purpose is twofold: to protect the goods and to prevent a shifted load from making the vehicle dangerous to steer or tipping over the driver when unloading.

Good packaging, clear labelling and secure load securing go together: they protect the goods, the people who handle it, and those who meet it on the way. It is a core task, not a formality.