Acute patient, triage and resuscitation
The systematic approach when time is tight
In acute situations it is tempting to start where the eye falls. But effective acute care is built on a fixed sequence so the most important is handled first. It applies to both assessment (triage) and the treatment itself.
§Triage — prioritize the sick first
Triage is quick assessment of how seriously a patient is affected so most critical are treated first. It happens both on phone at arrival and ongoing if multiple patients wait. Short structured assessment of breathing circulation and consciousness determines whether patient should be seen immediately or can wait
§ABC — the systematic review
ABC is an internationally recognized mnemonic for the sequence of acute assessment and action. It ensures that the most life-threatening problems are addressed first.
- 01A — Airway: is the airway clear and open?
- 02B — Breathing: Is the Animal Breathing Sufficiently and is Oxygenation Ensured?
- 03C — Circulation (circulation): is there a pulse and adequate blood supply?
§Resuscitation (CPR) — basic principles
For cardiac arrest, quick coordinated resuscitation is crucial. The internationally recognized RECOVER guidelines (Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation) describe an evidence-based approach to resuscitation of dogs and cats and are the professional basis many clinics work from.
- 01Preparation and prevention: clear equipment known roles and training beforehand.
- 02Basic resuscitation (BLS): effective chest compressions and ventilation without unnecessary interruptions.
- 03Advanced Resuscitation (ALS): Medicine, Fluid and Possible Defibrillation Under Veterinarian's Leadership.
- 04Monitoring: continuously assess the effect of resuscitation.
- 05Care is physical and emotionally demanding work. Here we dive into ergonomics and patient transfer infection risk violence and threats shift work and how you take care of yourself.
§Your role in the team
Resuscitation is teamwork. Clear roles, clear communication (repeat orders loudly) and calm efficiency save lives. As a veterinary nurse you are often the one who prepares equipment, performs compressions or ventilation, administers prescribed medication and documents the procedure — all while the veterinarian leads the effort.
“In an acute situation you don't save time by hurrying — you save it by doing things in the right order every time.”