CNC and modern production
Computer-controlled processing in the modern forge workshop
CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control and covers machines controlled by a program instead of solely by hand force. CNC is used in metalworking for among other things cutting, milling, turning and sheet working.
§What CNC provides
- 01High and uniform precision from item to item
- 02Opportunity to repeat production without new measurement
- 03Processing of complex geometries that are difficult to make by hand
§From drawing to program
A CNC process typically starts with a technical drawing or 3D model. From this a programme is created describing the tool's movements. The programme can be written directly in the machine's language (G-code) or generated in a CAM programme from the model.
§Zero point and clamping
Before the machine runs, the piece must be securely clamped and a zero point must be defined. The zero point is the reference point from which all coordinates in the program are calculated. Incorrect clamping or an incorrect zero point can damage the piece or harm the machine and operator.
§Interplay with the craft
Although CNC takes over much of the manual work it does not replace professional understanding. The blacksmith must still be able to read drawings choose tools assess material and quality control the finished piece. CNC is a tool that enhances the craft — it does not replace it.