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Drying hopper: can it manage to dry the granulate?

Is our 100-litre drying funnel large enough for the new PA order?

Answer: Hygroscopic materials such as PA, PC, PET and PBT must be dried before processing, otherwise the items get silver streaks, bubbles and reduced strength. The granulate must stay in the drying hopper for at least as long as the datasheet specifies, e.g. 4 hours at 80 °C. If the machine takes more than the hopper can dry, wet material gets through. The calculator works out the hopper you need and how long the granulate actually stays in the hopper you have.

Formula

Granulat der skal være i tragten = forbrug × tørretid

Tragtens rumfang = granulat ÷ rumvægt

Opholdstid i en given tragt = tragtens rumfang × rumvægt ÷ forbrug

Consumption is shot weight × shots per hour (inlet with also when it's ground again)

Symbols and units in the formula
SymbolMeaningUnit
forbrugMachine's granulate consumptionkg/t
tidDrying time (material datasheet)timer
rumvaegtGranulate bulk weight (typically 0.5-0.7)kg/l
tragtYour chute's volumel
=Hopper you need at minimuml
=Dwell time in your funneltimer
=Largest amount your hopper can drykg/t
=Granulate in hopperkg

Validity and source

Source
Opholdstid = tragtens indhold ÷ forbrug · tørretid fra materialets datablad

Does not apply when

  • Calculates with even flow through the funnel (first in first out) and filled funnel. Only the part of the funnel actually filled and blown through counts. Too long at high temperature can also damage material e.g. yellowing of PA so follow datasheet's maximum drying time too.

Worked example

The calculator's own default values inserted. The figures are calculated with exactly the formula the tool uses.

Substituted

  • Machine's granulate consumption20 kg/t
  • Drying time (material datasheet)4 timer
  • Granulate bulk weight (typically 0.5-0.7)0.60 kg/l
  • Your chute's volume100 l

Giver

  • Hopper you need at minimum133 l
  • Dwell time in your funnel3.0 timer
  • Largest amount your hopper can dry15.0 kg/t
  • Granulate in hopper60 kg

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Sådan bruger du den

Hygroskopisk granulat som PA, PC, PET og PBT skal tørres i en bestemt tid, før det sprøjtes. Når en ny ordre skal køre, eller maskinen skal køre hurtigere, tjekker du, om tørretragten er stor nok til, at granulatet når at blive i den hele tørretiden.

Step by step

  1. Skriv maskinens forbrug i kg/t: skudvægt × skud pr. time.
  2. Skriv tørretiden fra materialets datablad.
  3. Skriv granulatets rumvægt, typisk ca. 0,6 kg/l.
  4. Skriv din tragts rumfang.
  5. Læs den nødvendige tragt og opholdstiden i din tragt.

Typical errors

  • At regne med tragtens fulde rumfang, når den kun er halvt fyldt.
  • At glemme indløbet i forbruget.
  • At tørre for længe ved for høj temperatur, så PA gulner.

Examples from everyday life

PA6-ordre på en 100-liters tragt

En ny ordre i PA6 bruger 20 kg/t, databladet siger 4 timer ved 80 °C, og tørretragten er på 100 liter.

Machine's granulate consumption
20 kg/t
Drying time (material datasheet)
4 hours
Granulate bulk weight (typically 0.5-0.7)
0.6 kg/l
Your chute's volume
100 l

It means: Du skal bruge en tragt på mindst 133 l. I jeres tragt bliver granulatet kun 3 hours, og den kan højst tørre 15 kg/t. Brug en større tragt eller en fortørrer.

PC til lygteglas

Lygteglas i PC bruger 12 kg/t, og PC skal tørres i 3 timer. Tragten er på 100 liter.

Machine's granulate consumption
12 kg/t
Drying time (material datasheet)
3 hours
Granulate bulk weight (typically 0.5-0.7)
0.65 kg/l
Your chute's volume
100 l

It means: Det kræver 55 l, og opholdstiden i jeres tragt er 5.4 hours. Tragten er stor nok.

Rule of thumb

Tragtens liter ≈ forbrug i kg/t × tørretid × 1,7.

How to check the answer

Opholdstiden skal være mindst tørretiden.