Skip to content
← Articles/§ 05·Background

Nursery plants — quality and grading

Plant Standard 2002 + Quality Standard 2019

2026-06-14·9 min reading

Nursery plants are graded and traded according to Plantestandard and Kvalitetsstandard. Here's how to read girth, bare-root/root-balled/container, and delivery sizes.

Introduction

Plants are bought using standardised terms, so you know what you are getting. Grading and bundling of bare-root, root-balled and container plants follow the rules of the Danish Nurserymen's Association (Plantestandard 2002), and the quality of nursery trees is described in Kvalitetsstandard 2019.

BarrodLumpContainer
Fig. Three delivery forms — bare root (without soil), clump (soil clump in net) and container (in pot). Trunk circumference is measured 1 m above the root collar.

Trunk girth — the trade size for trees

The trade size of nursery trees is measured as trunk girth in cm at 1 m above the root collar (Quality Standard 2019):

  • 01Standard trees are supplied from 14–16 cm girth.
  • 02Standard trees are supplied from a 12–14 cm trunk girth.
  • 03Typical ranges: 14–16 / 16–18 / 18–20 / 20–25 / 25–30 cm.
  • 04Root-ball size follows a table based on trunk girth.

Delivery forms

  • 01Bare-root plants (barrod): supplied without soil around the roots. Cheap, but only in the winter half-year (dormancy) and mainly deciduous species — the roots must not dry out.
  • 02Clump plants: delivered with a soil ball around the roots, held by net or bag. Used for larger trees and evergreens.
  • 03Container plants: grown in pots and supplied with the entire root ball. Can be planted year-round if watered.

Plant types

  • 01Solitary trees and shrubs: freestanding ornamental plants where form and size are decisive.
  • 02Avenue trees: trees grown with continuous straight trunks for roads, avenues and squares.
  • 03Hedge plants: supplied in many small plants for row planting (see 'Plant spacing and bonding').
  • 04Ground cover and climbing plants: cover soil or surfaces; mostly delivered in containers.
  • 05Perennials: perennial herbaceous plants, typically in smaller containers.

Lump and container sizes

Quality Standard 2019 ties the rootball size to the tree's commercial size: the larger the stem girth, the larger and heavier the rootball — the standard specifies the associated rootball dimensions in a table. The principle is that the rootball must contain enough root for the tree to establish itself. Container plants are instead specified in pot volume (litres); a larger pot contains a larger root system. Always check rootball/root mass against the order at delivery.

Plant categoryTypical delivery formGuidance volume
StalwartsContainer1–3 litre
Ground cover, small shrubsContainer2–5 litre
Larger shrub / smaller solitaryContainer or lump5–15 liter
Trees 14–20 cm circumferenceClump (open ground) or large containerLump measure cf. Quality standard 2019 — grows with volume
Large solitary trees 20–30+ cmWire bundle / bag, often crane liftLump size per standard table

Container sizes are guideline trade conventions. The binding clump/pot volumes per stem circumference are tabulated in Quality Standard 2019 and must be read there at receipt inspection — a clump smaller than the ordered size contains too little root and gives poor establishment. Look up the exact size in the standard rather than guessing.

The rest of the article is locked

Create a free user account to unlock all articles, calculators, templates and range — and get access to quizzes and classes. It takes less than a minute: name, email and a password. No payment card.

Want to try something first? See what you can use without an account — the junior zone, the encyclopedia, the videos and more.